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Welcome back, Friend.

May the peace of God reign in this place
and the love of God forever hold you tight,
May the Spirit of God flow through your life
and the joy of God uphold you day and night.


Daily Devotion for November 28, 2025


Faith, Hope, and Love, depicted in a mural by Rodolfo Papa, 2009.
Faith, Hope, and Love, depicted in a mural by Rodolfo Papa, 2009.

Prayers

Scripture

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Lord’s Prayer

Our Father, who art in heaven, hallowed be thy name. Thy kingdom come; Thy will be done, on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread, and forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us. And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil.

For Thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, forever and ever.

Amen.

The wonderful Brooklyn Tabernacle Choir reminds us of how thankful we are for Jesus Christ.




Prayer for the Morning

Compassionate Lord, Your mercies have brought me to the dawn of another day. Vain will be its gift unless I grow in grace, increase in knowledge; ripen for spiritual harvest. Let me this day know You as You are, love You supremely, serve You completely, admire You fully.

Through grace let my will respond to You, knowing that power to obey is not in me, but that Your free love alone enables me to serve You. Here then is my empty heart, overflow it with Your choice gifts; here is my blind understanding, chase away its mists of ignorance.

Amen.

Prayer of St. Basil the Great

praying hands

O  God and Lord of the Powers, and maker of all creation, who, because of your clemency and incomparable mercy, sent your only-begotten son and our Lord Jesus Christ for the salvation of mankind, and with his venerable cross tore asunder the record of our sins, and thereby conquered the rulers and powers of darkness: Receive from me, a sinful person, O merciful Master, these prayers of gratitude and supplication, and deliver me from every destructive and gloomy transgression, and from all visible and invisible enemies who seek to injure me.

Nail down my flesh with fear of you. And do not let my heart be inclined to words or thoughts of evil, but pierce my soul with your love, that always contemplating you, being enlightened by you, and discerning you, the unapproachable and everlasting Light, I may unceasingly confess my misdoings and show my gratitude to you: The eternal Father, with your only-begotten Son, and with your all-holy, gracious, and life-giving Spirit, now and ever, and unto ages of ages.

Amen.

Meditation

“As a ring of gold in a swine’s snout, so is a lovely woman who lacks discretion.”

Benediction

May the God of hope fill me and all of us with the joy and peace that comes from believing, so that we may abound in hope, by the power of the Holy Spirit.

Amen.

Think of the day ahead in terms of God with you, and visualize health, strength, guidance, purity, calm confidence, and victory as the gifts of His presence.



<i>Mary and the Resurrected Christ</i> by Harry Anderson, ca. 1955.
Mary and the Resurrected Christ, by Harry Anderson, ca. 1955.
Blue Latin Cross

Galatians 2:15-17 (DP Bible)

H

ow can you, a Jew by birth, first act like a Gentile, and then turn around and urge the Gentiles to live like Jews?” I asked him [Peter]. “You and I were not raised like Gentiles, ignorant of right and wrong, yet we know that following the law of Moses, apart from our faith in Christ Jesus, did not and cannot justify us before God. No flesh will be justified by works under the law. So why hold onto it?”

17 “When we, who were born Jews, preach justification through faith in Christ, we are His representatives. We cannot become servants of sin. If we preach the faith of Christ and then sin, do we not imply that Christ Himself is a servant of sin? This cannot be!”

Verbatim Bible

15 We by nature Jewish and not from sinning Gentiles

16 yet knowing that not is justified man from works of law unless through faith of Jesus Christ, and not by works of law, since from works of law not will be justified any flesh.

17 And if seeking to be justified in Christ we are found also ourselves sinners, then Christ of sin is servant? It cannot happen.

DP Parallel Bible (3-Column) - Galatians 2


Notes on the Scripture

Faith in Christ (Pistis Xristou) (Galatians #17)

Today we need to discuss an issue of Paul’s epistles that is unresolved in the highest circles of Christian scholarship. I apologize for a rather dry and technical commentary today, but it is important to our understanding of salvation and faith.

Paul uses an expression which would be literally translated as “faith Christ” time and time again, in his epistles; and because of grammatical complexities involving the Greek language, nobody can be 100% sure what it means. (See Today in Daily Prayer, below, for a more involved explanation.) This is called the pistis Xristou controversy, a transliteration of the Greek “faith Christ.” We will look today at the four front-runners for how this should be translated: “Faith of Christ”, “faith in Christ”, “faith like Christ”, and “faith through Christ”.

By far the most common translation in English Bibles is “faith in Christ.” We believe that Christ was the Son of God, who handed himself over to death and defeated it through His resurrection. We place our entire trust in his divinity, his power, his love. We have faith in him. We have faith that He can and will redeem us by His sacrifice. And so, when we read Paul saying that we are justified before God by our faith in Christ, it makes perfect sense to us.

The most grammatically probable meaning, however, is something quite different: the faith of Christ! And this has a wonderful theological application. Christ was fully human. He gave up most of the attributes of his divinity to become human. (Philippians 2:5-8) God did this for a number of different reasons; for example, we know that Jesus suffered in exactly the same way we do. The pain he felt was just as agonizing to him as the pain we would feel. He felt so much fear about his impending crucifixion that he sweated blood. It gives us total confidence that God understands exactly what we face.

But being human, he faced the same temptation that we do, including the temptation to question our faith. But unlike us, Christ could resist temptation perfectly. He was human, yet his faith was perfect, absolute, unwavering. He went to the cross, not because he had divine knowledge of his resurrection, but because he had faith in the Father. This is the faith of Christ; and because his faith enabled him to suffer the crucifixion, we are heirs to the fruits of his faith.

So, if we say we are justified by the faith of Christ, we emphasize that we can share in Christ’s complete and total faith in God, the Father. He became human and yet was sinless, by his faith.

Jesus head, peaceful

The third possibility, faith like Christ’s, would emphasize that Christ was a leader who showed us by his example how we must become before God. Our faith must imitate his own: absolute to the point of death. Indeed, when he says “take up your cross and follow me,” this is exactly what he is commanding us to do: have faith like his.

The fourth reading, faith through Christ, is also valid, both theologically and grammatically. We will see, in Galatians 3, Paul’s assertion that the Law of Moses operated like a prison, to keep us separated from God’s promise of redemption by faith. Only when Christ came among us were we able to access this pre-ordained promise of forgiveness; through his faith, the prison of the law was unsealed and we became heirs to the promises of God. We could not have true faith in God, at all, except through Christ.

There is a theory that solves the problem, a theory of “how to read the Bible”: where there is an irreducible and unsolvable ambiguity in the language of the New Testament, we should treat the ambiguity as intentional, and read the phrase as having all reasonably possible meanings, as long as they are not contradictory. So where we see “faith in Christ” in Paul’s epistles, we can understand an entire new dimension and depth to the phrase. It means not only the simple placing of faith in Christ, but also, a faith that is like that of Christ, the faith that Christ had and exercised for our benefit, and the freedom from the law by a faith made possible through Christ.



endless knot

Daily Inspiration

“Why Come To Jesus”

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Today in Daily Prayer

Understanding the Pistis Christou Problem

I am sure than there is a minority of readers who will be interested in knowing a bit more about why translating pistis Christou (Xristou) causes so much controversy, so here it is. First off, you have to understand that Greek has case declensions; nouns, pronouns, and adjectives have “cases”, which means they change form depending on their function in a sentence. And because Xristou is in the genitive case, its precise meaning is ambiguous.

Case declension is foreign territory for English speakers, unless they have studied Latin (or another declined language, such as German or Russian). Luckily, as an odd hangover from Old English, there is one category of words in English that still use case declension - personal pronouns. This anachronism makes cases much easier to understand for us, because we use them in everyday speech.

If you say “Bob kissed the librarian,” you use the exact same nouns (“Bob” and “librarian”) as when you say, “The librarian kissed Bob.” The meaning is determined by the order of the words. But look what happens if you use personal pronouns instead of nouns. You might say, “He kissed her,” but if you change the person doing the kissing, you say “She kissed him,” not “Her kissed he.” You change the form of the word, depending on its function, i.e. whether it is the subject or the sentence or the direct object. Personal pronouns are fully declined.

“He” is in the “nominative case, ”which means it is the form used as the subject of a sentence. “Him” is actually the same word as “he”, but it changes form because it is in the objective case. But we are interested in a third case, the “possessive” (or more exactly the “genitive”) case. To indicate possession, we change “he” to “his”.

I promise you: “he”, “him”, and “his” are the same word. They all mean “the male person previously identified.” But they are spelled differently to indicated their function in a sentence. We say he when a previously-identified male is the subject of a sentence, him when a previously-identified male is the direct or indirect object, and his as an adjectival form when we want to indicate that “he” possesses something.

You can see this more clearly when you think about non-grammatical English. We can understand what our child means when he says, “John and me are going to town”, but realize that it is incorrect grammar. Most English speakers, however, although they know the rule, don’t understand that pronouns are inflected. We simply learn to say “I” when it is the subject of a sentence, and “me” when it is an object, and “my” when it is possessive.

In Greek (and Latin), every noun, pronoun, and adjective is declined; they have a different form, depending on their function in the sentence. And there are four primary cases. The two we are interested in are 1) the nominative case, corresponding to “he” or “she” or “I”, the basic form that is used when the word is the subject of a sentence, and 2) the genitive case, akin to the possessive case in English pronouns, “his” or “her” or “their”. But the genitive case has more functions than the English possessive — and there lies the problem. Xristou is genitive in form. (The nominative form of “Christ” is Xristos.)

A genitive noun following another noun can have the function of indicating possession, just like “his” or “her” in English, but it has a lot of other functions, as well. Wallace's Greek Grammar lists 34 possible functions of the genitive case! (The case of the first noun, pistis, is nominative, and its meaning—“faith”—is unambiguous.)

The closest we can come to understanding the genitive case in English is to say that, very often, it corresponds to using the preposition “of”. We might say “the home of Bob”, indicating possession. But we also say “a bucket of balls”, meaning a bucket containing balls, and “a bucket of steel”, meaning a bucket made out of steel. Think about what “of” indicates in such phrases as “the time of day”, a “woman of great beauty”, “Catherine of Aragon”, and so on. In each case, the word “of” indicates something different and potentially ambiguous. Does “bucket of wood” mean a bucket filled with wood, or a bucket made of wood?

That, hopefully, illustrates why pistis Xristou is ambiguous. What does “the faith of Christ” mean? Christ’s own faith in God? The type of faith that Christ had? Faith “in” Christ?

Memory Verse

Philippians 2:8: Being found in appearance as a man, He humbled Himself by becoming obedient to the point of death, even death on a cross.



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